The research conducted by the team at the Osteoarthritis Research Unit has played a crucial role in translational research on osteoarthritis by drawing on concepts “from molecule to human.” Over the years, their groundbreaking fundamental research has led to major advancements in understanding the pathology of osteoarthritis and identifying new therapeutic targets, some of which have been tested in clinical trials. Pharmacometrics is also used, allowing for in-depth analysis of physiological and pathological data (biomarkers, biomedical imaging, as well as pharmacological, functional, structural, and adverse effects), their evolution over time and the variability between individuals. In addition, non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technologies were developed to assess joint tissues, particularly the knee and hip, to better ascertain arthritic changes. These innovations paved the way for evaluating potential disease-modifying drugs in epidemiological studies and clinical trials. Recently, the team has integrated artificial intelligence tools into their research to predict, at an early stage, which patients will experience rapid osteoarthritis progression and the risk and timeline for requiring knee replacement surgery. Concurrently, researchers have developed a technological platform to study the neurobiology of pain in osteoarthritis by quantifying, in animals, nociceptive changes and identifying neurogenomic, neuroproteomic and neurocognitive factors associated with this condition.